In Japan, the native orchid Neofinetia falcata, known as fuh-ran, or “the orchid of the winds,” has a small, delicate, and fragrant flower with a long nectar spur. Its nickname, the “samurai orchid,” harks to the time when only the warrior class was allowed to grow it—or even possess it.
CULTURE Despite their exclusive history, you do not need to be a samurai or even a professional orchid grower to raise Neos successfully; Neof. falcata is an ideal houseplant if you have a sunny window. They take up very little space even when they are very old, and they are rarely attacked by insect pests. They are certainly among the easiest of all orchids to grow at home.
Temperature. Given their native habitat, Neos can withstand near freezing temperatures in the winter and temperatures into the 90s F (32–37 C) in the heat of the summer. Temperature stress, however, will not maximize growth, so try to avoid extreme temperatures.
Light. While Neos can tolerate high light level, they look their best grown at intermediate to low light. Experience has shown that high levels light lead to lighter leaf color and smaller leaf span.
Water and fertilizer. The most important rule of Neo growing is to allow the plants to dry completely before watering. Many orchids, including Neofinetias have the same special adaption as cacti and succulents (CAM photosynthesis) that make them well suited for drier environments. As with cacti, the worst thing you can do is over water your plants. Allow that rule to determine your best option for potting and medium